Everything about Dorogobuzh totally explained
Dorogobuzh () is a historic town straddling the
Dnieper River in
Smolensk Oblast,
Russia, 125 km to the east of
Smolensk and 71 km west of
Vyazma. Population: 12,250 (
2002 Census).
The town originated before the
Mongol invasion of Russia as a fortress defending eastern approaches to
Smolensk. In 1508,
Vasily III sent Italian masters to build a wooden fort there. The town was ravaged during the
Time of Troubles, and its population was reduced to 10 men in 1614. Between
1611 and
1668 the town belonged to
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as a part of
Smoleńsk Voivodship. Subsequently, the town survived other foreign invasions and numerous fires.
The principal points of historic interest lie outside the city proper. The 18th-century estate of Aleksino, for instance, used to be reputed for its stud-farm of
Orlov stallions. The Boldin Monastery, dating from the 15th century, was renovated by the
Godunov family in the late 16th century. The Godunovs commissioned a five-domed cathedral, a tented refectory, and a pillar-like bell-tower to be built there. According to
Peter Baranovsky, the abbey represented the best-preserved 16th-century monastery complex in
Eastern Europe. It was blown up by the retreating Germans in 1943 but was partly rebuilt in the 1990s.
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